#P17367. [ECNA 2023] A Pivotal Question

[ECNA 2023] A Pivotal Question

Problem Description

Quicksort is a recursive sorting algorithm developed in 1959 by Tony Hoare. One of the major steps in the algorithm is the partition step: given an element pp in the array (the pivot element), rearrange the elements into the form

XL, p, XR,X_L,\ p,\ X_R,

where all the values in XLX_L are ≤p\leq p and all elements in XRX_R are >p> p.

For example, after an array has been partitioned with pivot element 1313, all values at most 1313 appear to its left and all larger values appear to its right. Note that the elements in XLX_L and XRX_R are typically not in sorted order and either one of them could be empty.

How a partition is executed and how a pivot element is selected are fascinating questions but are not of interest to us. What we would like you to do is the following: given an array, determine all the values that could be the pivot value assuming the array has been partitioned, or determine that the array has not been partitioned.

Input Format

Input starts with a positive integer nn (1≤n≤106)(1\leq n\leq 10^6) denoting the size of the array. Following this are nn positive integers indicating the values in the array. All values are unique and ≤106\leq 10^6.

Output Format

Output m=m = the number of values in the array that could have served as pivot values to partition the array, followed by the pivot values in the order that they appear in the input. If m>100m > 100 just output the first 100 of these pivot values. Note that a value of m=0m=0 indicates that the array is not partitioned.

10 1 11 8 13 53 20 63 99 79 94
3 1 13 63