#P9984. [USACO23DEC] A Graph Problem P
[USACO23DEC] A Graph Problem P
Problem Description
To broaden her math knowledge, Bessie took a graph theory course, but she got stuck on the following problem. Please help her.
You are given a connected undirected graph with nodes numbered and edges numbered (, ). The following procedure will be performed:
- Let the set , and the variable .
- While , repeat:
- Among the edges that have exactly one endpoint in , find the one with the smallest index, and denote its index by .
- Add the endpoint of edge that is not in into .
- Update to .
- Return .
Output all return values of this procedure.
Input Format
The first line contains and . The next lines each contain the endpoints of the -th edge. It is guaranteed that the graph is connected and has no multiple edges.
Output Format
Output lines. The -th line should contain the return value of the procedure when starting from node .
3 2
1 2
2 3
12
12
21
5 6
1 2
3 4
2 4
2 3
2 5
1 5
1325
1325
2315
2315
5132
15 14
1 2
2 3
3 4
4 5
5 6
6 7
7 8
8 9
9 10
10 11
11 12
12 13
13 14
14 15
678925929
678925929
678862929
678787329
678709839
678632097
178554320
218476543
321398766
431520989
542453212
653475435
764507558
875540761
986574081
Hint
Sample Explanation 2
Consider starting the procedure from . First, choose edge , so and . Then, choose edge , so and . Next, choose edge , so and . Finally, choose edge , so and . Therefore, the answer for is .
Sample Explanation 3
Make sure to take the answer modulo .
Testdata Properties
- Testdata satisfies .
- Testdata - satisfies .
- Testdata - satisfies .
- Testdata - satisfies that for all edges, .
- Testdata - has no additional constraints.
Translated by ChatGPT 5